pinkney



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

C. W. PINKNEY. APPARATUS PoR MANUFAGTURE 0F GAS.

Patented June` 4, 1895.,

s Noms sirens cq., mre-mno.. msummon, n. a

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. W. PINKNEY.

, APPARATUS FOR MANUFAGTURB 0F GAS.

Patented June 4, 14895..

W e W I n: ohms Fcrns co., mmh-Limo.. wAsHlNcrroN. n. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Modeh) C. W. PINKNBY. 'APPARATUS PoR MANUFAGTURE 0F GAS.

No. 540,559.v lPatented June Il, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TANGYES, LIMITED,

OF SOI-IO, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,559, dated J une 4, 1895.

i Application filed December 21, 1894;. Serial No. 532,582.- (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES WILLIAM PINKNEY, engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at 77 Raglan Road, Smethwick, in the county of Stafford, England, have invented certain Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus lfor the Manufacture of Gas from Liquid Hydrocarbons, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of gas from liquid hydrocarbons and has for its object to provide means whereby the greatest possible percentage of gas from heavy oils is produced and imperfect gas is prevented from passing from the retorts or gasiliers. It also has for its object to pro tied is provided with an extended surface over which the gas generated is caused to pass on its way to the outlet from the said retort or chamber whereby the oil is effectually gasied and imperfect or unxed gas is prevented from passing out of the retort. The outlet pipe for the gas is inserted in the last compartment of the series and extends to within a short distance ofthe bottom of the retort.

Ilhe oil to be gasifled is conducted from the oil reservoir through a pipe provided with a cock or Valve fitted with a two armed lever one of which arms terminates in or carries a chamber or receptacle for oil, and the other arm is tubular and conducts oil to a pipe in communication with the interior of the retort. This supply pipe is U shaped or bent so as to form a seal and `the outer end, where the o il enters is provided with a branch pipe leading to the chamber in connection with the before mentioned arm of the two armed lever. Should the passage from the retort become stopped or 'clogged the oil fed into the U shaped pipe or seal will flow therefrom through the branch pipe into the chamber connected to the arm of the lever until the weight thereof causes the cock or valve to close and so cut off the supply of oil to the retort.

In order that my yinvention may be well ring oil to the retort.

understood I will further describe the same f with reference to the accompanying drawings,

promising however that I do not restrict Inyself to the particular construction and arrangement of apparatus described and illusytrated.

1same with the oil-feeding device in position; `and Fig; 4 is a horizontal section on the line l 2, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the oil-feeding device drawn to a larger scale,

the parts being shown in the position for feed- Fig. 6 is a plan of the same; and Fig. 7 is view similar to Fig. 5, 'showing the partsin the position they occupy when the supply of oil is cut olf.

VA is a furnace consisting of an outer metal case B lined with Iire brick C or other suitable non-heat conducting material.

D represents the fire bars or grate which supports the fuel fed into the furnace through the fire door E.

In the top plate or crown A2 of the furnace is a hole through which is inserted the retort or chamber F in which the gas is generated the said retort being suspended by the flange f centrally in the furnace so that the heat from the fuel can act on the whole ofthe exterior surface of the retort. The retort is divided in the interior by a partition G into two compartments H and I the said partition extending upward from the bottom of the retort to within a short distance from the top thereof where the two compartments communicate one with the other. Into the compartment H depends the oil feed pipe K and into the compartment I depends the gas outlet pipe L which extends to within a short distance from the bottom of the retort.

M is the oil reservoir provided near its bottom with a discharge pipe Ntted with a cock O to regulate the ow of oil therethrough. To the lower end of this pipe is connected the plug P (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) of another cock the shell or barrel Q of which cock constitutes the boss of a two armed lever R R2 having the plug P as its fulcrum on which it turns. In the plug P is a longitudinal passage of.I communicating at one end with the passage through the pipe Naud at the other end with ICO Figs. l, 5 and 6, the oil then owing from'the* reservoir M through the pipe N, thence by the passages a and b in the plug of the cockand the passagec in the shell or barrel Q, into the tubular arm R of the two 'armed lever. The outlet end of this lever arm is situated directly over a mouth pieceS on one end of a U bent or seal pipe T, Fig. 3,the other end of which seal pipe is in communication with the feed pipe K depending into thecompartment H of the retort. So long as the double armed lever remainsin the position sho-Wn in Fig. 5 andthe cockO remains open a constant stream of oil will enter the compartment H of the retort in regulated quantity according to the extent to which .the cock O is opened. The retort being heated to the required ktemperature the oil admitted to the compartment II of the retort becomes vaporized `the vapor passing upward in contact with the sides of this compartment and over lthe top of the partition G intothe compartmentI through which the vapor descends and in Which'itis converted into perfect gas which passes thence upward through the outlet pipe L and maybe `conducted into coolers or `condensers or to the place of storage.

Although the retort shown in the drawings is provided with only one `partition a retort having two or more partitions may be employed and so arranged as to causethe vapors and gas to pass in a circuitous course through several compartments before passing through the outlet pipe or passage L.

I have found in practice thatby cansingzthe hydrocarbons to travel over an extendedlmoderately heated surface the liability `to `unva-` porized oil `passing from the retort iis pre-` vented,whereas if the hydrocarbon be passed; quickly over a highly heated surface in the` retort the tendency is to cause the oil .to pass;

from the retort in an unvaporized vcondition thereby `causing waste and inconvenience by blocking the passages between the retort .andA

1 carbon is conducted to a feed pipe leadingto the place of storage of the gas.

Should any of the passages from the retorts become stopped or clogged means `are provided according to `my invention `whereby the oil in the bent pipe orseal T `is .by the; pressure of :gas in the retortcaused yto Howl through a branch pipe T2 near the upperfend y of the seal T into achamber R3 on `the arm R2 of the double armed lever.

.causes the lever `to turn on the plug I and close the passage for oil'throughlthesaid iplug The Weightfof4 this arm of the lever being thus increased the position shown in Fig. 7 the outlet end of thearm Will be above `the level of the oil in the reservoir and so stop the supply of oil.

The lever R R2 when moved or being moved into the position shown in Fig. 7 may be caused to make an audible signal either electric ormechanical so as to attract the attention of an attendant to the position of the lever. I have not considered it necessary to illustrate this as it is obvious that any convenient arrangement maybe adopted. For example the lever may cause contact to be made so as to complete a circuit through the coilsiof 4an electric bell or the said lever may operate the striker of a mechanical bell.

When the stoppage or obstruction has been removed :from the passages from the retort the lever R R.2 may be returned to `the position shown in Fig. `5 `to lresume the supply of oil to the retort, Atheoil which ,had entered the chamber R3 being removed therefrom and if desired lplaced `in the oil reservoir M.

Having now particularly described and as` certained the nature of mysaid invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In apparatus for the manufacture of gas `from liquid hydrocarbons, the combination with `a reservoir for the latter and a retort, of a passage connecting the same, a cut oi valve in said passage, yan overflow pipe from said passage between the valve and retort, anda movable receptacle norrnallyin au elevated position into which said overfiow pipe discharges and connections between said receptacle andcut-oi valve, Wh ereby the latter is automatically closed by `the descent thereof caused by the Weight of the `hydrocarbon `discharged thereinto,substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for the manufacture of gas from liquid hydrocarbons the combina- `tion with a reservoir to contain the hydrocarbon to be gasified, of a discharge pipeorpas- `sage from the reservoir provided with aplug having a passage therethrough for the :hydrocarbon, a double armed lever iitted to turn on the plug one arm of the said lever being hollow and communicating with the passage in the `plug and through which arm the hydro- {tbe interior `of the retort, and -the other arm of the said lever being provided with a chamber or receptacle and a `pipe or passage for conducting overflow hydrocarbon from the lfeed pipesaid chamber or receptacle, thereby `causing the lever to turn on the plug so as to cut off the supplyof hydrocarbon to the retort substantially as hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my marne to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM JOHN PARKINS, WILLIAM HENRY I-IoWsE.

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